Skip to main content
Back to Glossary
International Tax

What is Controlled Foreign Corporation?

A foreign corporation with more than 50% ownership by US shareholders, subject to special tax rules requiring current income inclusion.

Definition

A Controlled Foreign Corporation (CFC) is a foreign corporation in which US shareholders (each owning 10% or more) collectively own more than 50% of the total voting power or value. US shareholders of CFCs must include their pro-rata share of certain CFC income (Subpart F income and GILTI) in their US taxable income, even if no distributions are made. This prevents US taxpayers from deferring tax on foreign earnings.

Who Needs to Know This?

US persons who are 10% or greater shareholders in foreign corporations where US shareholders collectively own more than 50%. Common for US expats with foreign business interests.

Key Deadline

Form 5471 filed with annual tax return

Potential Penalties

$10,000 penalty per year per CFC for failure to file Form 5471; potential criminal penalties

Related Forms

Form 5471Form 8992 (GILTI)Form 1040

Common Mistakes to Avoid

  • 1Not realizing 10% ownership threshold includes constructive ownership
  • 2Failing to file Form 5471 (severe penalties)
  • 3Not understanding Subpart F income categories
  • 4Missing GILTI inclusion requirements

Related Terms

Need Help with Controlled Foreign Corporation?

Our team of EAs and CPAs specializes in cross-border taxation and can help you navigate Controlled Foreign Corporation requirements.

Ready to Get Started?

Schedule a consultation or explore our services to see how we can help with your tax and accounting needs.

Need immediate assistance? Call us at +1 (815) 934-8525

    CFC Rules: Controlled Foreign Corporation Tax Guide | Zenith Financial | Zenith Financial Advisors